There are lots of different types of concrete and choosing the right mix for whatever project you’re planning is essential so you have a durable, strong end product. It doesn’t matter whether you’re building a wall, a driveway, or a residential building – here’s a full guide to make sure you make the right decision and get the perfect end result, especially when buying builder supplies from Macblair for example.
Think about your project requirements
When considering the right concrete mix to make, think about the requirements of your project and consider the following factors. Firstly, what weight and types of loads will the concrete structure need to support? Secondly, what sort of weather exposure will the concrete be exposed to – such as extremes of temperature, or differing moisture levels? Thirdly, look at the type of structure the concrete will be used for – such as flooring, walls, or building foundations.
Understand all the different types of concrete mixes
Concrete mixes will vary, depending on what type of project is being undertaken. Here are some of the most common types that are used in construction:
The first is a standard mix. This is ideal for very general use, on places like driveways and pedestrian places. It has a strength of 3000 to 4000 psi.
A high-strength mix would be suitable for commercial or industrial projects that need a bigger load-bearing capacity. This type of mix will have a strength of 5000 psi and above.
Then there are lightweight mixes. These are used in applications where weight might be a concern, such as for bridges and high-rise buildings.
Next, there is something called a fibre-reinforced mix. This is a mix that has fibres added to it for extra durability and strength – making it ideal for pavements and industrial floors.
Finally, there are decorative mixes that have colourants and different aggregates added to them to make them more aesthetically pleasing. These mixes are best for patios and designs that have architectural elements to them.
Plan a proper design mix
The design mix of concrete refers to the amounts of cement, water, and aggregates in the concrete. To get this perfect, what do you need to consider?
Firstly, look at the water and cement ratio – the lower the water-cement ratio is, the higher the strength and durability of the construction. However, it might be more challenging to work with. Then, consider the aggregate size. Larger aggregates are used for high-strength concrete and smaller aggregates are more suitable for finishes that need to be smooth. Finally, what additives and admixtures are required? Additives like silica fume or fly ash will enhance specific properties of the overall concrete mix such as its setting time and its resistance.
How workable will the concrete be?
This refers to the ease with which concrete can be mixed, set in place, and finished. There are two factors associated with this. The first is the slump test – which is how the consistency of concrete is measured and the second is flowability, which is important in mixes where self-leveling concrete is involved.
Setting time and durability
How long concrete takes to set will affect the working times and construction schedule. Think about whether rapid-setting or slow-setting concrete is needed and work from there. The former is used for projects with tight timelines and the latter is used for large pours, or during heatwave conditions.
Then, consider durability. Think about whether the concrete will be exposed to chemicals – if it is, choose a mix that has higher resistance. Then consider whether it has freeze-thaw resistance, useful if it’s going to be used in colder climates.
Budget considerations
Of course, concrete mixes need to meet all the right technical and safety standards – but budget must play a part too. Think about how much the materials will cost, plus any additives, and then work out the longer-term benefits of durability and how it performs once it’s in situ.
For all your building requirements and expert advice, Macnaughton Blair is your go-to. Contact us today to see how we can assist with concrete supplies and materials.