A new king ushered in a decade of upheaval in London. While the 1910s brought such great moments as the Coronation of King George V and the first Chelsea Flower Show, it was also an unparalleled time of death thanks to World War I and the Spanish Flu epidemic. It seemed that for every good thing that happened between 1911 and 1920, there was something terrible that followed. We’ve identified ten of the most important events that happened in the city during this period below, and if you think we left anything out, you can let us know in the comments.
1911 – Coronation of King George V
The coronation of a new sovereign is always a major event in London, and King George V was no different. In addition to the massive procession that took place in the city as part of the festivities, the coronation also had a couple of firsts. One first was that it was the first coronation to have any part of it photographed, and another was that it was the first time the coronation procession passed through the Admiralty Arch, which was finished in 1912.
1912 – Underground Electric Railways Company of London and London General Omnibus Company Merge
In 1912, a major shift in London transportation occurred when the Underground Electric Railways Company of London (UERL) purchased the London General Omnibus Company. It marked the first integration of the Tube and bus services as well as leading to the greater use of the Underground’s bar and circle logo throughout London.
1913 – First Chelsea Flower Show
The Royal Horticultural Society had been hosting their Great Spring Flower Show since 1862, but for the show in 1912, the RHS secured the grounds of the Royal Chelsea Hospital for its international exhibition. This proved to be such a hit that they kept the location, and the Chelsea Flower Show was born in earnest.
1914 – Carl Hans Lody Executed at Tower of London
On the advent of the First World War, an Imperial German spy named Carl Hans Lody posed as an American to spy on the Royal Navy. He was caught and was one of the first people executed at the Tower of London during World War I. Executions at the Tower were an extremely rare event by this time, and the last one took place in 1941.
1915 – First Aerial Bombing by Zeppelin
While most people think of World War II and the London Blitz when they think of bombing attacks on London, seemingly forgetting that this wasn’t the first time it happened. In 1915, Germany launched bombings on the city using zeppelins. However, once the British military realized how to combat these slow-moving bombers, the Germans started including biplanes in their attacks. This also marked the first time that Londoners used Underground stations as air-raid shelters.
1916 – London Underground Adopts Johnston Typeface
The iconic, instantly recognizable font of the London Underground, the UERL first adopted the Johnston typeface in 1916 as a means of strengthening its corporate identity. The font was selected so it would help UERL’s posters stand out from the usual advertisements, but eventually it came to be used on their signage as well.
1917 – Silvertown Explosion
Undeniably one of the worst disasters to befall London in the 20th Century, the Silvertown Explosion took place on January 19, 1917. At a munitions factory that was making explosives for the war, 50 imperial tons of TNT exploded after a fire broke out. It outright destroyed the factory, started fires from the hot remnants flying for miles, and killed seventy-three people.
1918 – London Experiences 2,200 Spanish Flu Deaths in a Week
The name “Spanish Flu” is a misnomer in the sense that while the virus did not originate in Spain, war reporting meant that the neutral Spanish were the only ones reporting about the virus when it first took hold in Europe. It was thought to have been brought into the city by soldiers returning from the war. It killed widely and astonishingly quickly, so much so that between October 27 and November 2, 2,200 people died in the city.
1919 – Police Strike and Creation of the Flying Squad
A police strike that began the previous year for greater pay and unionizing had a sequel in 1919. The second strike was not as popular since the National Union of Police and Patrol Officers that led it was replaced with the more effective Police Federation of England and Wales by the government. Approximately 2,000 officers who participated in the strike in London and Liverpool were dismissed, but the coppers ultimately got the standardized pay and rises they sought.
1920 – The Imperial War Museum Opens
The government established the Imperial War Museum in 1917, but its first location did not successfully open until 1920 at Crystal Palace. In keeping with its imperial status, museum trustees for the board were appointed from India, South Africa, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand. The museum was a bit controversial at the time it opened, as some Members of Parliament felt it would foster a “war spirit”. Today, the IWM has one of the greatest collections of military artifacts and serves as a memorial to all those who gave their lives for their country.
Author: John Rabon
John is a regular writer for Anglotopia and its sister websites. He is currently engaged in finding a way to move books slightly to the left without the embarrassment of being walked in on by Eddie Izzard. For any comments, questions, or complaints, please contact the Lord Mayor of London, Boris Johnson's haircut.